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Probably max 401K and HSA first if reasonable. But personally I'd keep 2-3 months of salary in the hysa, and have the rest of my Emergency salary/house/car Funds to brokerage, maybe split into something like salary in Money Market, house in SGOV, and car in BNDS. As long as you have a few months salary that is easy to access, your credit cards, HELOC, et al can cover you for the ten days it might take to get to the rest of your emergency money out of brokerage. I wouldn't call it optimal, but it's a good intro to how taxes and everything are different in brokerage, and now you have a platform ready for after you've maxed all your tax-advantaged accounts. Taxable brokerage is where I tend to have "smaller" or more focused indexed ETFs, if that makes sense. If everything was available to all my accounts, I might have the most fund index like VT (with maybe some bonds) in 401k for simplicity, then in ROTH IRA would be VOO (with less/no bonds) since I want the most tax-free growth possible there, but then in brokerage, instead of VT I'll use smaller ETFs like VTI + VXUS (which together they are very similar to VT). That way i can benefit from the foreign tax credit in the brokerage, and I have more flexibility for re balancing as needed over all of my accounts. And bonds will go heavier into which ever account has a compelling tax reason. E.g. if I have a high state tax, some bonds might make more sense in brokerage, but otherwise I'll probably have more bonds in the 401K. Be careful of having the same funds (or funds that are practically identical) in brokerage that you have in other accounts. If you ever get to the point of tax-loss harvesting in your brokerage, you can't use that if you have the same or similar-enough funds in your tax-advantaged accounts. I'd lump sum from HYSA Have a plan for retirement, and then ignore dips until you are close to retirement (or have a plan that includes buying more during dips to benefit from the discount, but I'm not smart enough to time the market like that). Your plan should include the possibility of a crash during retirement. If you aren't actively spending money from your accounts as income-replacement, such as you would during retirement, then downturns mean little (unless we finally have The Downturn That Never Upturns Again, in which case, have extra ammo and water, since your accounts probably won't matter) You plan should cover all your accounts. If you want 10% bonds now and 50% bonds closer to retirement, that would apply to all your investments. Your accounts don't have to have the same distributions ides each one. Remember that only ROTH dollars are showing you your real invested dollars. E.g. a good portion of that money in your 401K belongs to the government, so subtract 22% if you want to know how much money you have in there (or subtract whatever your tax bracket will be in retirement, which we unfortunately can't know). For brokerage, it's more complicated.
Of 85% stock portfolio 67% VTI 33% VSUX Rest 5% BRK B 4% BNDS 1% BNDX 5% SPAXX
80/20 is a sweet spot. I’m 70/30 trying to get there slowly with the right mix growth, value, small caps, mid cap, and international. 10% in BNDS REITS CRYPTO GOLD?